Reconsideration of Motivational Theories in Sport: An Integrated Model

重新考慮運動的動機理論: 一個完整的模式

Abstract

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.

This article is proposed to develop an objective testing procedure which is believed to have predictive for measuring adherence, consistency, and performance in sport. The model and testing procedures are theoretically based, but the assessment procedures are new. They are aimed at replacing the introspective measures which have been in use for many years and found to be very insufficient in the sport milieu. Despite the conceptual development from trait personology to transactionism (person-task-environment) the introspective measures and their inherited biases were believed to be the main cause for failing to account for objective sport behaviours such as adherence, consistency, and performance (Auweele et al., 1993). In this article the authors extensively review the literature related to achievement and competitive behaviours and postulate an alternative model to better account for the development process of skilled athletic behaviours.

本文作者建議製訂一套可供運動上的依附，穩定和表現等行為的客觀預測程序。所用的程序及模式雖源自理論基礎，但評核程序是新的。使用此法的目的在於取代在運動界採用多年但嫌不足的內省測量法。 縱使內省測量法的概念架構已由注重人格特質轉變為兼顧個人與工作和環境相互影嚮的關係模式，但其測量法本身存在的偏見卻被視為導致運動上的依附，穩定和表現等行為的預測不夠客觀的主要原因。透過有關成就與競賽行為方面的文獻的詳盡檢討和分析，作者提出一種更有效地評估運動行為的模式。