劉辰翁評點本《山海經》考論

A Discussion of Liu Chenweng’s Commentaries on the Classic of Mountains and Seas

Abstract

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.

劉辰翁所評點的《山海經》罕見學者討論，目前所見，只有明代閻光表所刻版本，以及清初《山海經廣注》徵引。詩人劉辰翁是宋元之際的評點大家，以詩人身分評點《山海經》的意義不容忽視，可惜長久以來都未得到研究評點或《山海經》的學者關注，其至誤以爲他是明代學者。

劉辰翁《山海經評》别具一格，除了地理考釋、名物訓詁，更多的是他在宋元易代之際，隱遁家居，藉由此書寄託抒懷，因此，劉辰翁《山海經評》的文學鑑賞亦有不少可論之處。他的評點作品以唐宋詩集與《史》、《漢》著名，也評點《山海經》，傾注寫作才情，巧妙地在每個細節眉批，描摹他作家身分對《山海經》的閲讀觀點，而非學者對《山海經》的注解研究或評論。本文試圖全面地關照劉辰翁評點《山海經》在地理考釋、名物訓詁以及個人抒懷、文學寄託的面向。

劉辰翁的《山海經》評點，是宋元之際《山海經》研究的耀眼成績，呈現另一種《山海經》被閲讀的特殊現象。

Liu Chenweng's (1232-1297) commentaries on the Classic of Mountains and Seas have remained unheeded in the field. This is mainly because Liu's book was printed in a small number and not circulated widely. Until now, the wood-cut edition by Yan Guangbiao of the Ming dynasty is the only extant version. Two copies are held respectively by two libraries in Liaoning and Hubei provinces.

Liu's commentaries on the Classic of Mountains and Seas are written in a unique style. In addition to studying geographic references and special names and products，Liu wrote this book to express his feelings since he lived in reclusion at home during the transition between the Song and Yuan dynasties. Therefore，this paper puts an emphasis on appreciation of Liu's views of mythological literature in Classic of Mountains and Seas and discusses the quotations from Liu's book in Wu Renchen's (1628-1689) Shanhai jing guangzhu (Extensive commentaries on the Classic of Mountains and Seas) , aiming to comprehensively study the geographic references, reminiscence, and appreciate literature in Liu's commentaries on the Classic of Mountains and Seas.

The achievements of Liu's commentaries on the Classic of Mountains and Seas have not drawn due attention but should be as high as his achievements in his commentaries on poetry, Shiji and Hanshu, and novels. These achievements continue Guo Pu's (276-324) study on the Classic of Mountains and Seas and inspire relevant scholarship to come.