王引之《楚辭》評點辨僞———兼論清末時期善本觀念的轉變

On the Forgery of Wang Yinzhi’s Commentary on the Chuci and the Change in the Concept of Chinese Rare Books in Late Qing China

Abstract

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.

舊題王引之《楚辭》評點，原書於明人陸時雍《楚辭榷》上，最早經由傅增湘購入，後歸藏於張元濟涵芬樓。本文首先敍述王引之《楚辭》評點本的購藏與著録，繼而整理前賢對是書真僞的看法，然後通過仔細分析全書169則條目，首次提出王引之的評點篡改自明代凌毓枬校刊《楚辭》以及朱熹《楚辭集注》等書。從本文提出的各項僞作新證，可以確證此書經過妄人竄改，乃至用不同評點掩蓋僞作痕迹，應當是坊賈射利之作。由此亦反映出，清末時期善本觀念的轉變，名人批校本逐漸受人重視，以致對批校本作僞的意圖大爲增加。

The commentary traditionally attributed to Wang Yinzhi (1766-1834) is appended to Lu Shiyong’s (Ming dyn.) Chuci que [A Discussion of the Songs of Chu]. The book was first purchased by the famous bibliophile Fu Zengxiang (1872-1949), and was later acquired by Zhang Yuanji (1867-1959) in his Hanfenlou library. This paper begins with a narrative on the history of circulation and the commentary attributed to Wang, along with its appearances in various bibliographic records. After this is a review of how previous scholars have evaluated the authenticity of the text. Through a thorough analysis of the 169 comments attributed to Wang Yinzhi, the paper argues that these commentaries were extracted from an edition of the Chuci edited and published by Ling Yuzhan in the Ming dynasty and Zhu Xi’s (1130-1200) Chuci jizhu [The Songs of Chu with Collected Annotations and Commentaries] compiled in the Song. Considerable textual evidence proves that the forger of this book interpolated commentaries by different hands. The incentive for this was likely the profitability of the publishing industry of the time. This case study reflects the advent of a change in the perception of rare books in the late Qing. This period witnessed a heightened interest in annotations composed by famous scholars; hence there was an increase in forgeries of annotated texts of this kind.