詞論與實踐：以周濟《存審軒詞》爲中心之考察

The relationship between the practice of poetry creation and the theory of Zhou Ji: A case study of Cunshenxuanci

Abstract

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.

周濟（1781—1839）爲確立常州詞論的重要人物，影響了清代中葉以降至民國時期的詞壇。雖然學界對周濟詞論的論述頗多，然而並未對周濟詞作所體現的詞學現象進行較深入的分析。《存審軒詞》爲周濟早年至中年的詞作總集，成書年代介於《詞辨序》、《介存齋論詞雜著》以及《宋四家詞選》之間，正好能與周濟詞學理論建構過程的軌迹互爲比對。

本文著眼於周濟詞論與詞作實踐。首先析理周濟詞情的兩種層次，以及他如何通過詠物詞落實個人的寄託説，藉此與浙派區别。其次對照周濟詞論與詞作的創作特徵，觀察周濟詞學理論完備之前，他對白石、稼軒以及清真等詞作的模擬，以辨明他早年受浙西詞派的影響程度。最後從周濟詞作中梳理四家門徑之説的形成端倪，補充學界對周濟“由浙至常”此一詞學轉向研究未足之處。

Zhou Ji (1781—1839) is a person of great influence on Ci’s theories from the middle Qing dynasty to Early Republican China. Most of the researchers have mentioned the importance of Zhou Ji’s Ci theory; however, the contemporary researches of the relationship between his Ci theory and works are still insufficient. Cunshenxuanci is Zhou Ji’s collections of Ci from his early to middle years, which is written among ‘Cibianxu,’ “Jiecunzhailuncizazhu” and “Songsijiacixuan.” It is not only a reveal of his talent for Ci, but also the reflection of the transitive procedure from Zhe Xi to Chang Zhou in the middle Qing dynasty.

This article focuses on the relationship between the practice of Zhou Ji’s works and his Ci theory. It starts with the connections among Ci Qing, Ji Tuo and Yong Wu. Then attempting to analyze how was he influenced by Wentingyun and JiangKui in his early years and the reason why Jiaxuan became one of his ideal agendas of Ci. Based on both the textual analysis and the interpretation of his Ci theory, we can re-understand the formative progress of Zhou Ji’s Ci theory.