韓愈、孟郊的汴州記憶———《城南聯句》“惟昔集嘉詠”章箋證

Han Yu and Meng Jiao’s Memory of Bianzhou: Critical Commentaries on the Chapter on “Fine Verses Written at a Gathering in the Past” in Linked Verses of South of the City-walls

Abstract

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.

文章通過比訂《城南聯句》舊注章旨，對《城南聯句》“惟昔集嘉詠”一章提出新的闡釋：此章並非“一味排空生造”，而是通過追憶韓愈與孟郊、孟郊與陸長源的交遊唱酬，寄寓了世事無常之慨，飽含著韓愈、孟郊於唐德宗貞元年間在汴州的詩心與别愁。《城南聯句》“惟昔集嘉詠”一章所寄寓的汴州記憶，又與《城南聯句》卒章所鋪叙的陽山之貶相互呼應，充分呈現出作者的處世心態。藉此，不難窺見韓愈、孟郊變革聯句詩體之功。

Through a comparative analysis of traditional commentaries, this essay presents a new view on the main theme of the chapter “Fine Verses Written at a Gathering in the Past” in Linked Verses of South of the City-walls. The content of this chapter is nota product of “mechanical crafts from pure imagination.” Rather, through the remembrances of the association and poetry exchange between Han Yu (768-824) and Meng Jiao (751-815), and those between Meng Jiao and Lu Zhangyuan (d. 799), the verses express sighs on the impermanence of the human world as well as Han and Meng’s poetic discourses on grievances over separation when they were both in Bianzhou during the Zhenyuan reign-period (785-805). The memory of Bianzhou in “Fine Verses Written at a Gathering in the Past” corresponds with the relegation to Yangshan mentioned in the last stanza of the Linked Verses of South of the City-walls. They both reflect the poets’ attitudes towards life. The discussion in this essay outlines Han and Meng’s contribution to the reform of linked verse.