陶潛和《列子》———讀《連雨獨飲》

Tao Qian and Lie Zi: Reading “Drinking Alone in a Continuous Rain”

Abstract

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.

從一段文本指向另一段文本有很多種方式，最常見的包括戲仿、重複、引喻、平行結構以及直接引用。一些學者認爲，所有的文本都是從其他文本“編織”而來的，有的是有意識而爲之，有的則是無意識的。本文首先回溯了一條從羅伯特•弗羅斯特到威廉•莎士比亞的互文綫索，然後探索了陶潛（365—427）四首著名詩作中———特别是《連雨獨飲》———受到的潛在影響。本文認爲，《列子》中的一篇文章提供了這四首詩的基礎。由此，本文提出了《列子》對陶潛的重要性。

There are a number of ways by which one text can refer to another: parody, echo, allusion, structural parallelism, and direct quotation, to name the most obvious. Some scholars believe that all texts are woven from other texts, whether consciously or not. This study begins by tracing one inter-textual link from Robert Frost back to William Shakespeare. It then explores allusive influences on four of Tao Qian’s 陶潛 (365-427) best known poems, starting with a reading of “Drinking Alone in a Continuous Rain”, arguing that one particular passage in Lie Zi 列子 provides an underpinning for these four poems, and thereby suggesting the importance Lie Zi had for Tao Qian.