上博簡《孔子詩論》與《詩經》成書考

A Study on the Course of Editing the Book of ShiJing through Confucius' Commentary on ShiJing from Shanghai Museum Bamboo Slips

Abstract

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.

通過上博簡《孔子詩論》與其他古代傳世文獻相互參證，不難發現：孔子編詩前，“周詩”已經人編輯而流行於世，上博簡《孔子詩論》所論亦爲“周詩”。今本《詩經》一書當始成於孔子晚年，是孔子晚年以“周詩”爲基礎，前承師挚與萇弘（或他人）之功重新選編、正名、論次而成。因此，《詩經》的編輯也就深刻地寄託了孔子的儒家思想。

By comparing Confucius Commentary on ShiJing written on bamboo slips collected in Shanghai Museum with the ancient literatures, we can find that the poetry written by the people of Zhou dynasty had been edited in a collection named the Poetry of Zhou before Confucius edited the book of ShiJing, Confucius’ Commentary on ShiJing written on bamboo slips collected in Shanghai Museum is a review of the Poetry of Zhou. When he returned to his homeland in his old age, Confucius began to edit the book of Shijing in detail. Before Confucius, however, both ShiZhi （師摯）, a music officer of the state of Lu （魯）and Chang Hong （養弘）, an officer of Zhou dynasty, had edited the poetry written by the people of Zhou dynasty. When he edited the book of ShiJing, Confucius laid his foundations on the works not only of ShiZhi, but also of ChangHong. Confucius added some poems to the Poetry of Zhou, and besides, classified these poems into different categories and in a different order. By editing the book of ShiJing, Confucius expressed his philosophical thinking of Confucianism.