清代文社與舉業

Wenshe (文社) and Imperial Civil Examination in Qing Dynasty

Abstract

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.

明清之際的文社（文會）學界研究論著頗多，而順、康二朝以來文社還未引起研究者注意。本文在科舉制度的視野下，探究文社在基層社會中的生存環境和價值，論文内容包括四部分：文社與書院、書塾等的名實混同，文社的類型及其與舉業的關係，文社與家族及地方的關係，徽州地區的文社。

There are many works on the study of Wenshe 文社 between the late Ming and early Qing times, but the Wenshe after the reign periods of Shunzhi and Kangxi emperors have not attracted much attention from scholars. The present paper examines the background and significance of wenshe in the Qing dynasty, and the relations between wenshe and the imperial civil examination system. It consists of four parts: 1) the confusion of the names and the substances of wenshe, and its relationship with clan schools; 2) various types- type of wenshe and its relationship with civil examination system; 3) the relationship between wenshe and the lineages in rural societies; and 4) wenshe in Huizhou Prefecture.