魯迅《在酒樓上》的叙事方式再探

Reinvestigating on the Narrative Mode of Lu Xun's “In the Wineshop”

Abstract

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.

本文以叙事文學的特點和效果爲基點，對有關《在酒樓上》幾個經常爲人討論的問題（第一人稱叙述、多層叙述、複調的運用等）再予審視，指出主人公吕緯甫是一個有充分話語權的主體，他的話語是一個有獨立思維的人對外在世界的回應，並以此説明《在酒樓上》的藝術成就不在於它是魯迅本人思想的直接表白，而在於轉化各種話語，形成對話性，讓讀者不單聽到知識分子及下層人民的心聲，也聽到作者批評時代和審判自我的獨特回聲。

Focused on the characteristics and effects of narrative, this essay reexamines some of the most discussed topics on Lu Xun’s “In the Wineshop”, such as first-person narrative, multi-level narrative, polyphony, etc. It points out that Lü Weifu, the protagonist in the story, is a subject who holds full authority in the narrative, and his discourse represents a response to the outer world from a person with independent thinking. In this light, the essay concludes that the achievement of the story rests not on the premise that it is the direct expression of Lu Xin’s thoughts, but on its adaptation of several discourses to make it dialogic, which allows readers to listen to the voices of both the intellectual and the lower class, as well as the distinct echoes of the author in criticising the world and judging himself.