傅山與閻爾梅交遊新論———以《霜紅龕集》所收四首五言律詩爲中心

A New Exploration of the Interaction between Fu Shan and Yan Ermei with a Focus on The Four Penta-syllabic Regulated Poems in Shuanghong kan Collection

Abstract

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.

關於傅山與閻爾梅的關係，一般認爲二人都是明遺民，因志趣契合而結交。却未注意到傅山在康熙十年（1671）與閻爾梅太原會面後的隱秘心態。本文通過對傅山《霜紅龕集》中與閻爾梅有關的四首五言律詩的考索，揭示傅山對閻爾梅的真實看法及導致二人關係疏離的原因。傅山在順治十三年（1656）南遊之時聽聞閻爾梅毁家紓難、抗清流亡的事蹟，對其由衷欽佩。但康熙十年崇善寺之遊期间，又對其出處與言行産生疏離與誤解。明遺民在交往時既會因相同的遺民身份而産生認同之感，也會因一些特殊原因而導致誤解、矛盾、疏離甚至憎惡的情況。

The relationship between Fu Shan and Yan Ermei is generally believed to be one of two Ming-dynasty loyalists who became friends because of their common political stance. Nonetheless, no attention has been paid to Fu’s secret mentality after his acquaintance with Yan in Taiyuan in the tenth year of the Kangxi era (1671). This paper explores four penta-syllabic poems about Yan in an anthology of Fu’s works, and reveals Fu’s genuine views on Yan and the reasons that led to their separation. When Fu traveled to the south in the thirteenth year of the Shunzhi era (1656), he heard about Yan’s deeds of sacrificing his family to revolt against the Qing Dynasty, resulting in exile, he sincerely admired him. However, after they visited the Chongshan Monastery in the tenth year of the Kangxi era (1671), Fu alienated and misunderstood Yan’s words and deeds. Loyalists of the Ming Dynasty became close because of their shared ideology. This relationship would dissolve during their interaction due to misunderstandings, which ended in conflicts, alienation, and even hatred.