“詩畫關係”的異域書寫———以朝鮮王朝的“詩畫關係”書寫爲中心

Foreign Writings on the “Relationship between Poetry and Painting” — Focusing on the Writings of the “Relationship between Poetry and Painting” during the Joseon Dynasty

Abstract

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.

朝鮮王朝的“詩畫關係”書寫以“詩畫一律”爲核心，但不同時期有不同的特點，總體上可分爲實踐和理論兩個層面。高麗朝的文人們積極接受以蘇軾爲首的北宋詩畫觀念，爲朝鮮王朝的“詩畫關係”書寫提供了良好的鋪墊。實踐方面，朝鮮王朝“詩畫關係”實踐的形式從以“詩畫分離”的題畫詩爲主到以“詩畫合一”的詩意圖爲主，參與的群體也表現出從“宫廷化”到“家族化”的轉變，反映出王權與士大夫權力博弈的過程以及朝鮮王朝欲建立“小中華”的文化野心。理論方面，由於實學思潮、畫壇的發展、南宗畫等因素，朝鮮王朝“詩畫關係”理論從初期的重闡釋和概念解説，朝著具體、綜合的方向逐步演變，並最終走向了朝鮮化的發展路徑，産生了以鄭敾爲代表的“真景”山水畫和畫論。同時，朝鮮王朝的“詩畫關係”書寫對詩壇産生重要影響。

The “relationship between poetry and painting” during the Joseon Dynasty is centered around the principle of “unity of poetry and painting,” yet it exhibits different characteristics in various periods, which can be broadly divided into practical and theoretical aspects. The literati of the Goryeo Dynasty actively embraced the Northern Song poetic and artistic concepts led by Su Shi, laying the foundation for the “relationship between poetry and painting” in the Joseon Dynasty. In terms of practice, the form of the “relationship between poetry and painting” evolved from primarily “separated poetry and painting” in themed poems to “unified poetry and painting” in poetic imagery. The participating groups also demonstrated a transition from “court-centric” to “family-centric,” reflecting the power struggle between royal authority and the gentry, as well as the Joseon Dynasty’s cultural ambition to establish a “small China.” Theoretically, influenced by the practical learning movement, the development of the painting community, and Southern School painting, the theory of the “relationship between poetry and painting” in the Joseon Dynasty gradually evolved from initial interpretations and conceptual explanations towards a more concrete and comprehensive direction, ultimately leading to a path of Koreanization that produced “true-view” landscape painting and theories represented by Jeong Seon. Meanwhile, the “relationship between poetry and painting” in the Joseon Dynasty had a significant impact on the poetic community.