掌間之地：隋詩裏的南北空間與文化意涵

The Land in the Palm: Northern and Southern Space and Cultural Significance in Sui Poetry

Abstract

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.

相對於南北朝的分裂，或漢唐帝國的大一統，隋代是一個微妙的中間斷代。一方面來説隋文帝篡北周平陳，統一天下。但另一方面，這些原本北周、北齊或南朝的士人進入了大一統的帝國，接受所謂的六合、天下、四海一家的世界觀，在政治認同、心態以及對於南北的地方感，都呈現出相當微妙且細膩的變化。而相較於公領域的史傳、詔令，詩歌固然也有歌頌功德、同題應詔的意義，但頗能呈現詩人多元且複雜的心態與精神。是故本文聚焦於隋詩的南北空間書寫，以及其背後的文化隱喻。由於隋代詩人與詩歌數量不多，本文選擇幾個知名度較高、詩作保存較多的詩人———如隋煬帝楊廣、薛道衡、孫萬壽、虞世基、虞世南兄弟、王冑、許善心等，但卻又不以專家爲分類，而是從隋詩裏描寫江都、長安等幾個具有特殊地方感之地景描寫切入，論對空間的想象與虚實，進而觸及他們詩歌内外所透顯出的———政治、族群、文化與華夷等等議題。

Compared to the division of the Northern and Southern Dynasties or the grand unification of the Han and Tang empires, the Sui Dynasty represents a subtle transitional period. On one hand, Emperor Wen of Sui (Yang Jian) usurped the Northern Zhou and conquered the Chen Dynasty, thus achieving the unification of the realm. On the other hand, scholars and officials from the former Northern Zhou, Northern Qi, and Southern Dynasties entered this unified empire and adopted the worldview of a unified “Six Directions” (六合), “All-under-Heaven” (天下), and “the world as one family” (四海一家). Their political identity, mentality, and sense of place regarding the North and South underwent delicate and intricate transformations. Compared to the official realm of historiography and imperial decrees, poetry, while also serving functions such as praising virtues or responding to imperial themes, reveals the poets’ more diverse and complex inner sentiments and states of mind. Therefore, this paper focuses on the spatial representations of the North and South in Sui poetry and the cultural metaphors embedded within them. Given the relatively small number of extant poetic works from the Sui Dynasty, this study concentrates on several prominent figures whose works are better preserved—such as Emperor Yang of Sui (Yang Guang), Xue Daoheng, Sun Wanshou, Yu Shiji, Yu Shinan and his brother, Wang Zhou, Xu Shanxin, among others. Rather than categorizing them strictly by official ranks or status, this paper explores the depictions of significant landscapes with distinct senses of place, such as Jiangdu and Chang’an. Through this lens, it examines their poetic imagination of space, the interplay of reality and idealization, and further explores the political, ethnic, cultural, and Sino-barbarian (Hua-Yi) issues reflected both within and beyond their poetry.