清初遺民詞曲社之文化原生態個案考論——北湖三家與特社

Three Poets from North Lake and Their Salon Teshe: A Case Study of the Original Cultural Environment of Early Qing Salons for Lyrics and Arias Organized by Adherents of the Ming Dynasty

Abstract

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.

清初在揚州北湖出現的特社是以詞曲創作、切磋技藝爲主的詞曲社。該社的活動時間大致始於順治二年（1645）至康熙年間，主要成員有遺民詞人徐石麒、范荃、羅煜等人。特社的詞學活動，涉及倡和、評點及詞韻研究三方面。特社諸子在創作上取得了較高的藝術成就。他們提倡風格多樣，崇尚比興寄託，重視詞韻研究。特社的組織形態、詞學活動、創作實績及詞學思想與當時特定的歷史、地理、文化因素及與之相關的遺民心態有著緊密的關聯，在清初廣陵詞壇複雜的結構層次中構築了一道獨特的人文景觀。

Founded in North Lake, Yangzhou, in the early Qing dynasty, Teshe was a salon for creative writing of lyrics (ci-poetry) and arias (qu-poetry) and for discussion of related artistic techniques. The salon held its first activities around the second year of the Shunzhi reign-period (1645) and came to an end sometime during the Kangxi reign-period (1662-1722). Core members of Teshe included ci-poets of the late Ming dynasty such as Xu Shiqi (1578-1645), Fan Quan (1633-1705), and Luo Yu. The activities of Teshe all focused on ci-poetry and can be divided into three categories: poetry exchange, commentary, and the study of the ci-poetry rhyme system. The members of Teshe made great accomplishments in creative writing. They promoted diversity in poetic styles, advocated the techniques of allegory and metaphor, and valued the study of the ci-poetry rhyme system. The salon was a peculiar product of the time. Its organization, activities, accomplishments in creation, and literary thought were directly related to the views and attitudes toward history, geography, and culture of the intellectuals who witnessed the downfall of the Ming dynasty they once served. Teshe made up a unique humanities landscape in the multi-layered structure of the early Qing ci-poetry arena in the Guangling area.