Sport Participation Motives in Primary School Students

小學生參與運動的動機

Abstract

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the sport participation motives for primary students in Hong Kong. The subjects of this study were 9 to 13 years old Primary 4 to 6 students, with 89 males and 216 females (N=305). The Participation Motivation Questionnaire (Gill, Gross & Huddleston, 1983) was utilized to examine the sport participation motives (Achievement/ Status, Team, Fitness, Energy release, Skill, Friends, Fun and Miscellaneous) and the sport participation pattern. 2x2x2 ANOVA was utilized to find out the mean differences on motivational factors for males and females with different age group in different type of schools (whole day and half day). Results showed that males had significantly higher mean score on miscellaneous factor than females, the younger age group had significantly higher mean scores on fun and friends factors than the older age group; and the whole-day primary school students had higher mean scores on team, friends and miscellaneous factors than the half-day primary school students. No interaction effect was found on age group and school type on motivational factor. Independent T-test was utilized to examine the mean difference on motivation factors for sport participants and non-sport participants. Results showed that sport-participants had significantly higher mean scores on team, fitness, energy release, friends and fun factors than non-sport participants.

本研究目的為探討小學生參與運動的動機及其參與運動的形式。研究對象為9至13歲之小四至小六學生，共有89位男學生及216位女學生參與(總數=305)。是次研究主要透過問卷調查小學於參與運動中所能獲得之成就動機(成就感、團體精神、強健的體魄、宣洩精力、技術、朋友、快樂及其他因素等八方面)。研究結果顯示隨著年齡的增長，小學生參與運動的情況明顯地減少。男女生在其他因數方面亦有明顯的差別；就讀全日制的小學生在團體精神，朋友及其他因數等方面較就讀半日制的小學生為高。而年輕的學生於團體精神朋友及其他運動動機較年長的學生為高。本研究並無發現年齡與學校授課時間的長短於參與運動的動機有著交互影響。在空閒時間參與運動的小學生於技術、體魄、宣洩精力、朋友及快樂等運動動機方面較沒有參與運動的學生有著較高的分數。