個人自由與責任: 以市場為基礎的保健改革之倫理基礎
Personal Freedom and Responsibility: The Ethical Foundations of a Marker-Based Health Care Reform
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24112/ijccpm.21360Keywords:
柯林頓計劃, 自由市場, 自由, 責任Abstract
LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese
當前的保健系統並不以功能恰當的市場來運作。保健成本被隱激起來,且往往被轉移,而消費者和供給者都受到保護,不受其決策在經濟上的影響,使得成成本大幅上升。柯林頓的計劃不思針對當前以雇主為基礎的保險系統,以及其形成的不平等來對症下藥,反而把不平等擴大,還添加以大量的政府管制。到底選擇以消費者為基礎的系統,抑或是政府控制的系統?這是大眾最終的選擇。以保健改革為基礎的市場,強化了個人的自由與責任,而追求這樣的市場,可滿足兩條倫理原則。其一,美國消費者可察覺到保健服務真正的成本,而市場力量亦因而引起供給者控制成本的動機。其次,公義的需求亦能滿足,理由是,不但醫療服務供給者得到應得者,公共政策製訂者亦能更有效地使最需要的人得到援助。
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