道家的生命倫理思想及其現代價值

Contemporary Relevance of Daoism and its Ethical Views

Abstract

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.

道家學派產生於中國歷史上的春秋戰國時期，他的代表著作主要包括《老子》、《莊子》、《列子》等。道家豐富的生命倫理學思想主要包括崇尚自然的生命觀、保身盡年的生命價值觀、少私寡欲和崇尚無為的養生觀、尊道積德和崇尚自由的道德觀，以及提倡天人合一的生態觀。在現代社會發展過程中，道家生命倫理學思想對尊重人性、堅持生命至上，維護人的發展；對人類社會整體的健康和諧發展；對適度消費、保持資源有序利用和推動社會可持續發展；對維護人類社會協調發展；對人類修德養生以及對現代生態觀和環境保護都有著重要的借鑒價值。通過對道家生命倫理思想的研究，我們可以看到東方哲學智慧的閃光點，歷史證明東方哲學思想有著和西方一樣光彩奪目的歷史，在現代社會發展過程中，我們面臨著許多新問題，而西方工具主義對此則顯得力不從心，因此借鑒東方智慧，發掘東方先哲思想則顯得尤為重要，歷史的現實已經證明東方智慧，尤其是中國古代哲學，所具有的思想智慧有更為重要的現實意義和參考價值。

Daoism was one of the major philosophical traditions of ancient China, based on the teachings of Laozi and Zhuangzi. This essay focuses on the Daoist view of human life and its relation to the environment, and argues that the ethical dimension of Daoism is still relevant to life today. Given the many ecological and bioethical crises we are now confronting, it is important that we re-evaluate Daoism, especially its view on the unity between humans and nature.

This essay deals with human health in terms of physical health, mental health and environmental health. These aspects correspond to the three dimensions of the Daoist concept of “harmony”: harmony with oneself, harmony with other people, and harmony with the environment. Uncovering the traditional roots of Daoism will help us to reconstruct a moral philosophy that values life, especially in a world that has become dominated by capitalism and consumerism.

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