從道德心理學的進路初步探索「限肉令」的正當性

The Justifiability of Meat Restriction Orders: An Exploration from Moral Psychology

Abstract

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.

本文旨在初步探索「限肉令」作為應對傳染病大流行 和由工廠化畜牧業帶來的其他威脅的預防措施的正當性。「限肉令」並非指全面禁肉，而是以法律限制市民的 人均肉品消耗量在滿足基本營養需求的範圍內。本文採用的進路是緩解一些可能阻礙對此提案進行更宏觀、理性的思考的潛在心理拘繫。此進路參考了福柯「日常經驗」(everyday experience) 的分析，和佛家倫理學回應全球環境倫理問題的策略。我們先以香港社會為主要案例研究，檢視形成「肉是必需的」一想法和嗜肉情結的社會模式。接著我們引入葷食心理學研究，討論嗜肉情結如何成為正面考慮「限肉令」的障礙。我們也嘗試回應一些反對此提案的理由，包括來自自由主義 (Liberalism) 的批評。

This paper explores the preliminary justifiability of a meat restriction order as a preventive measure against the risks of pandemic and other forms of harm posed by factory farming. A meat restriction order seeks to limit citizens’ meat consumption to the level of meeting individuals’ basic nutrient needs. Inspired by Michel Foucault’s analysis of “everyday experience” and Buddhist responses to global environmental issues, the paper investigates the social patterns that account for the formation of people’s meat commitment based on a study of Hong Kong society. The paper also addresses a number of objections to the proposal discussed in the paper, including the critique from liberalism.